Business Analytics
Leila Negahban; Bahman Banimahd; Seyed Hossein Hosseini; Azam Shokri Cheshmeh Sabzi
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to evaluate and rank the efficiency of pharmaceutical companies in creating operational cash flows in line with the objectives of financial reporting. The research method for collecting theoretical bases and research data is library studies. In this research, in order ...
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The purpose of this research is to evaluate and rank the efficiency of pharmaceutical companies in creating operational cash flows in line with the objectives of financial reporting. The research method for collecting theoretical bases and research data is library studies. In this research, in order to evaluate the efficiency of pharmaceutical companies in creating operational cash flow, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model with weight limit is used. The results of this research show that Farabi pharmaceutical company has the highest efficiency score in creating Operating Cash Flows (OCFs) and Loqman pharmaceutical company has the lowest efficiency score. The findings of this research confirm that DEA is a suitable technique for evaluating the performance of companies in creating operational cash flow. Also, this technique, along with traditional financial analysis, can be considered a useful instrument for deciding and evaluating the performance and efficiency of companies. This article can make analysts more familiar; financial and accounting researchers with DEA applications in financial and accounting analysis. Also, this research can expand the use of scientific models in financial and accounting research.
Design of Mechanical and Thermal Systems
Ekpenyong Akanimo Udofia; Aniekan Essienubong Ikpe; Victor Etok Udoh
Abstract
In this paper, the performance characteristics of a fabricated horizontal axis wind turbine with and without flanged diffusers were studied using wind tunnel experiment. Measurements of global parameters (power, torque, rotational speed efficiency, etc.) were carried out at wind speed regime between ...
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In this paper, the performance characteristics of a fabricated horizontal axis wind turbine with and without flanged diffusers were studied using wind tunnel experiment. Measurements of global parameters (power, torque, rotational speed efficiency, etc.) were carried out at wind speed regime between 3-7 m/s. Flanged diffusers of five different inlet-outlet diameter ratios were employed. The results showed minimum mean increments in tip-speed ratios (TSR) of about 45 % with the smallest diffuser and a maximum of 80 % with the largest diffuser. Increments in the torque even at modest wind speed of 4 m/s were as much as 65, 70 and 76 % for the largest three diffusers and about 33 % for the smaller diffuser. The power output (with and without diffuser) gradually increased from 3-7 m/s wind speed, while the power coefficient (Cp) increased from 3-5.5 m/s, and thereafter began to fluctuate as the wind speed approached 7 m/s. Comparatively, maximum Cp of the turbine without diffuser was 0.22 for λ=0.534 at a wind speed of 7 m/s, while the maximum average value of Cp for turbine with flanged diffuser 3 was 0.34 for λ=0.706 at the same wind speed. As a result of the flanged diffuser attachment, the maximum Cp increased by 36 %. The results showed mean incremental values of 52 and 57 % with the greater value obtained from the second largest diffuser (Di/Do = 0.70) and the least value from the largest diffuser (Di/Do = 0.80), while the first three diffusers achieved near identical increments of 55 %. This consequently implies that increments in the extracted power (i.e., Cp) above 5 m/s wind speed declined with indications of separation and turbulence in the flows beyond the rotor.
Supply chain management
Vajiheh Torkian; Amir Abbas Shojaie; Omid Boyer Hassani
Abstract
Supply chain management is a process in which a number of organizations work together as a supply chain until the raw materials reach the manufacturer and finally, a valuable product is provided to the end consumer. With the increase in population and the increase in environmental sensitivities, the ...
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Supply chain management is a process in which a number of organizations work together as a supply chain until the raw materials reach the manufacturer and finally, a valuable product is provided to the end consumer. With the increase in population and the increase in environmental sensitivities, the forward-reverse supply chain has attracted a lot of attention, which pursues goals such as optimization, customer satisfaction, responding to their needs in the shortest time with the lowest cost and high quality. In this paper, a forward- reverse multi-product and multi-period network is designed under the condition of uncertainty in the demand parameter. The purpose of the proposed model is to maximize profit by considering customer satisfaction simultaneously and reducing delay and the fuzzy approach has been used to solve the model under conditions of uncertainty. The proposed model is mixed-integer linear programming and for its validation and applicability, it has been solved by GAMS software, a numerical example using simulated data in deterministic and uncertain state. The results of the analysis of the numerical example show that the show that with increasing uncertainty in the demand parameter, the optimal value of the objective function decreases.
Operations Research
Seife Ebeyedengel Tekletsadik
Abstract
Productivity improvement is important for the sustainability of the business. However, before improvement it is important to measure the existing system productivity level. In this sense, the productivity of the case company has been measured by using the PO-P approach. Using this approach, the overall ...
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Productivity improvement is important for the sustainability of the business. However, before improvement it is important to measure the existing system productivity level. In this sense, the productivity of the case company has been measured by using the PO-P approach. Using this approach, the overall productivity of the case company has become 0.652. By having the ergonomic sub system and strategic goal of the case company, goal programing has been formulated to show by how much percent does the ergonomics subsystem alone will improve the overall productivity level. For this, it is required to have optimal solution of performance value of the performance objectives of the ergonomics sub-system. The optimal solution of the excel solver has given the suggested performance values of x3=1.035, x4= 0.82, x5=0.7, x6=0.8, x7=2.76, x8=0.75, x9=0.8, x10=0.5, and x11=0.4. Having these values, the productivity of the ergonomics subsystem became 1.492, in effect increased the overall productivity from 0.652 to 0.776.
Economics
Mobasshira Zaman
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented disruption to the global economic structure, resulting in significant changes in spending patterns for households worldwide. Developed countries like the United States have been affected as well, struggling to return to pre-pandemic stable economic situations. ...
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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented disruption to the global economic structure, resulting in significant changes in spending patterns for households worldwide. Developed countries like the United States have been affected as well, struggling to return to pre-pandemic stable economic situations. This study focuses on the impact of the pandemic on household expenditure in the United States, using ANOVA to compare household expenses between the pre-COVID period in 2018 and the post-COVID period in 2021. The results of the study showed a significant increase in all types of household expenditure from pre-COVID to post-COVID periods, highlighting the correlation between the pandemic and changes in spending habits. This trend is further fueled by price increases in daily necessities, inflation of the dollar, and scarcity of goods. The analysis also revealed that the trend was increasing, emphasizing the need for immediate policy interventions to address the issue. Further research is needed to identify the specific types of expenditure driving this increase and the underlying reasons behind it. The implications of the study are significant for policymakers and economists as they underscore the need for effective interventions to stabilize household expenditure and promote economic recovery in the wake of the pandemic. The findings also highlight the importance of utilizing statistical methods such as ANOVA to evaluate complex economic systems and guide evidence-based policy interventions. As future research continues to explore the impact of the pandemic on economic structures worldwide, this study provides valuable insights into the specific changes in household expenditure in the United States, emphasizing the urgent need for targeted policy interventions to address these changes.
Silas Oseme Okuma; Martins Ufuoma Eki; John Damilola Oluwafemi; Chukwuekum Orumgbe
Abstract
The most desired strength value in any welding process is an excellent Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of the weld in respect to the parent metal. Welding process parameters should be monitored and reviewed on a continuous basis due to the increased demand for structural and industrial materials with ...
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The most desired strength value in any welding process is an excellent Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of the weld in respect to the parent metal. Welding process parameters should be monitored and reviewed on a continuous basis due to the increased demand for structural and industrial materials with higher strength weld joints. The goal of this study is to look into the limitations of the investigated industrial firm's existing GMAW welding process parameters used in the welding procedure, and to propose alternative, uniquely designed, and improved process parameters to replace its existing procedure welding protocol, thereby improving weld results by achieving higher Ultimate tensile strength. The proposed process parameters were then compared to available literature, and optimization was performed using the Response Surface Method.Tensile strength was determined on GMAW welding plates of 200mm by 20mm. The RSM Analysis was used to examine the data acquired from the experimental findings, and the results show that the current, voltage, and travel speed had the most significant effect on the ultimate weld strength. Furthermore, the findings show a high link between the actual and predicted ultimate tensile strength. Maximum ultimate tensile strengths of 425, 450, and 475Mpa were attained at welding voltages of 28 v, currents of 240 A, and travel speeds of 0.012 m/s .
Inventory, logistics, and transportation
Amin Farahbakhsh; Amir Saman Kheirkhah
Abstract
The inventory routing problem arises from the combination of the vehicle routing problem and the vendor-managed inventory problem. In this paper, we present a mathematical model and a novel genetic algorithm for solving the multi-period inventory routing problem. The objective is to supply products to ...
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The inventory routing problem arises from the combination of the vehicle routing problem and the vendor-managed inventory problem. In this paper, we present a mathematical model and a novel genetic algorithm for solving the multi-period inventory routing problem. The objective is to supply products to scattered customers within a given time horizon while managing customer inventories to avoid shortages and minimize total inventory and transportation costs. To represent solutions for this problem, we introduce a new chromosomal structure. This structure offers simplicity in encoding and decoding solutions, maintains feasibility after crossover and mutation operations, addresses both routing and inventory management in a single step, and consolidates information about each solution method comprehensively. The algorithm parameters, including crossover and mutation rates, population size, number of iterations, and selection pressure, are fine-tuned using the Taguchi method. To assess algorithm efficiency, we utilize standard instances from the literature. Our results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm performs favorably compared to previous approaches.
Metaheuristics Algorithms
Fatemeh Sogandi
Abstract
Curve fitting is a computational problem in which we look for a base objective function with a set of data points. Recently, nonparametric regression has received a lot of attention from researchers. Usually, spline functions are used due to the difficulty of the curve fitting. In this regard, the choice ...
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Curve fitting is a computational problem in which we look for a base objective function with a set of data points. Recently, nonparametric regression has received a lot of attention from researchers. Usually, spline functions are used due to the difficulty of the curve fitting. In this regard, the choice of the number and location of knots for regression is a major issue. Therefore, in this study, a Genetic algorithm simultaneously determines the number and location of the knots based on two criteria comprise of least square error and capability process index. The proposed algorithm performance has been evaluated by some numerical examples. Simulation results and comparisons reveal that the proposed approach in curve fitting has satisfactory performance. Also, a sensitivity analysis on the number of knots has been illustrated by an example. Finally, simulation results from a real case in statistical process control show that the proposed Genetic algorithm works well in practice.
Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA
Abbas Ghomashi Langroudi; Masomeh Abbasi
Abstract
The Cross-efficiency method in data envelopment analysis (DEA) has widely been used as a suitable utility for ranking decision-making units (DMUs). In this paper, for overcoming the issue of the existence of multiple optimal solutions in cross-efficiency evaluation, we use the neutral strategy to design ...
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The Cross-efficiency method in data envelopment analysis (DEA) has widely been used as a suitable utility for ranking decision-making units (DMUs). In this paper, for overcoming the issue of the existence of multiple optimal solutions in cross-efficiency evaluation, we use the neutral strategy to design a new secondary goal. Unlike the aggressive and benevolent formulations in cross-efficiency evaluation, the neutral cross-efficiency evaluation methods have been developed in a way that is only concerned with their own interests and is indifferent to other DMUs. The proposed secondary goal introduces a new cross-efficiency score by maximizing the sum of the output weights. The first model is then extended to a cross-weight evaluation, which seeks a common set of weights for all the DMUs. Finally, we give two numerical examples to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed neutral models and the potential applications in ranking DMUs by comparing their solutions with those of alternative approaches.
Inventory, logistics, and transportation
Kehinde Adegbola; Abdulrakib Abdulrahman
Abstract
Consignment stocks agreement had been very useful in inventory control. The benefit ranges from improved cash flow, reduced risk level, savings on investment, reduced ownership cost, low inventory carrying cost and regular restocking to mention few. Also, small batch delivery is an effective strategy ...
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Consignment stocks agreement had been very useful in inventory control. The benefit ranges from improved cash flow, reduced risk level, savings on investment, reduced ownership cost, low inventory carrying cost and regular restocking to mention few. Also, small batch delivery is an effective strategy for launching a product since it enables a business to assess the market and validate the product before committing to a large production run. In this paper, we combined small batch delivery and consignment stock policy by considering a supply chain setting where a vendor fulfilled the shipment requirement of each buyer sequentially in a single production set up. To achieve this, and as against the equal size shipments policy assumed in literature for different buyers, the vendor sends a smaller shipment first as early entry, followed by n equal shipments. These n shipments are proportionately increased according to the vendor rate of production to each buyer’s demand rate. A mathematical cost function is developed to reduce the overall cost of the integrated supply chain system through the optimal cycle time and the optimal numbers of shipments to be delivered to each buyer. Numerical example is given using data from an existing literature, results were compared, and the new distribution policy gives better financial savings in terms of cost over the equal shipment policy assumed in literature. Sensitivity analyses were performed on key parameters to evaluate the robustness of the model.
Scheduling
Esmaeil Mehdizadeh; Fatemeh Soleimaninia
Abstract
The Flexible Job shop Scheduling Problem (FJSP), as a Production Scheduling Problem (PSP), is generally an extension of the Job shop Scheduling Problem (JSP). In this paper, the FJSP with reverse flow consisting of two flows of jobs (direct and reverse) at each stage is studied; the first flow initiates ...
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The Flexible Job shop Scheduling Problem (FJSP), as a Production Scheduling Problem (PSP), is generally an extension of the Job shop Scheduling Problem (JSP). In this paper, the FJSP with reverse flow consisting of two flows of jobs (direct and reverse) at each stage is studied; the first flow initiates in Stage 1 and goes to Stage C (the last stage), and the second flow starts with Stage c and ends up in Stage 1. The aim is to minimize the makespan of the jobs (the maximum completion time). A Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) is presented to model the problem and the Branch and Bound (B&B) method is used to solve the problem. A numerical small-size problem is presented to demonstrate the applicability, for which the Lingo16 software is employed for a solution. Due to the NP-hardness of the problem, a meta-heuristic, namely the Vibration Damping Optimization (VDO) algorithm with tuned parameters using the Taguchi method, is utilized to solve large-scale problems. To validate the results obtained using the proposed solution algorithm in terms of the solution quality and the required computational time, they are compared with those obtained by the Lingo 16 software for small-size problems. Finally, the performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with a Genetic Algorithm (GA) by solving some randomly generated larger-size test problems, based on which the results are analyzed statistically. Computational results confirm the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and show that the VDO algorithm performs well.
Scheduling
Saeideh Naderi; Mohsen Vaez-Ghasemi; farzad movahedi sobhani
Abstract
The Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP) is a general one in scheduling which possesses various applications in production, production scheduling, project managing and other criteria. This issue has been studied since 1960 and is very complicated. In this study, the common presuppositions ...
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The Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP) is a general one in scheduling which possesses various applications in production, production scheduling, project managing and other criteria. This issue has been studied since 1960 and is very complicated. In this study, the common presuppositions and limitations regarding such problems will be investigated in addition to their reliability in modelization in order to investigate the possibility of availability of renewable resources using a new attitude. The objective of modelization of RCPSP is quantification of total costs and minimization of delays in projects. Therefore, in order to mathematically modelize RCPSP, non-linear complex integer math programming which transforms into a linear programming model using the features of exponential functions is used. In order to solve the final linear math problem, some experimental examples will be designed in different dimensions, so that the performance and efficiency of the designed model are studied. For solving problems with low dimensions , the Epsilon Constraint multi-objective optimization method is used in an exact optimization software like Lingo. In order to find out the solutions of the ones whose dimensions are high, which exact methods can not solve,the meta-heuristic algorithm called NSGA-II which is a strong one to optimize multi objective problems is used. The results of using these algorithms and the statistical analysis which shows their reliability as 95 percent , indicates that the performance is suitable for genetic algorithms. Therefore this meta-heuristic algorithm has more efficiency and more apposite performance for the recommended model compared with the software of exact optimization. Using the designed math model ,this study can result in decreasing the times of delay in projects and the costs in the scheduling problem and also increasing the reliability when activities are multi-mode.
Supply chain management
davod Andalib Ardakani; Mehrdad Kiani; Ali saffari darberazi; Fatemeh Zamzam; Elham Mofatehzadeh
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to design a model for identifying and ranking the factors influencing green supply chain management in the tile and ceramic industry, which is a significant industry in Iran. The study consisted of three main stages.In the first stage, a systematic review of the literature ...
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The purpose of this study was to design a model for identifying and ranking the factors influencing green supply chain management in the tile and ceramic industry, which is a significant industry in Iran. The study consisted of three main stages.In the first stage, a systematic review of the literature and the Meta-synthesis method were employed to identify and categorize the factors that contribute to the success of green supply chain management. In the second stage, The factors were thoroughly examined and refined through the content validity method. As a result of these steps, a comprehensive model was developed, comprising 30 factors categorized into six dimensions: green suppliers, green technology and expertise, green human resources, green products, Green Organization and Communications, and Green regulations and Support. In the third stage, the Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (IT2FS-AHP) method was utilized to rank the dimensions and factors. Experts' opinions were gathered through a questionnaire to determine the importance of each dimension and factor. The results indicated that the dimensions of green technology and expertise, as well as Green regulations and Support, were deemed the most critical. Furthermore, factors such as "Attention to social responsibility in the organization," "Design and development of evaluation and selection systems of suppliers based on environmental criteria," and "support of operational, middle, and senior managers in implementing the green supply chain" were identified as highly influential in the success of green supply chain management. Overall, the identification and ranking of key factors in green supply chain management contribute to mitigating the adverse environmental impact of industrial activities and enhancing customer satisfaction.
Sustainable development
Fereshteh Parvaresh; Mohamad Hosein Amini
Abstract
In today's modern world, the linear economy is no longer responsive, and there is a crucial need for a fundamental shift in people's mindset toward the proper use of raw materials and products. This article explores the 9R framework as a model for implementing the circular economy in the flooring ...
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In today's modern world, the linear economy is no longer responsive, and there is a crucial need for a fundamental shift in people's mindset toward the proper use of raw materials and products. This article explores the 9R framework as a model for implementing the circular economy in the flooring industry. The framework delves into maximizing material value while minimizing waste and environmental degradation. The primary aim of this research is to identify the role of the circular economy in the flooring industry across various countries. The article also examines successful strategies proposed to achieve the goals and benefits of this approach, presenting the results within the framework of the 9R model. The results of this research indicate that effective steps have been taken in Iran towards the sustainable production of carpets, which serve as the primary flooring in the country. Among the most important of these, we can highlight the growing trend of using raw materials appropriately in the production of this product, along with interesting innovations related to its usage transformation. However, for the complete implementation of all principles of the circular economy in Iran, there are significant obstacles, among which one of the most important is the high cost of establishing recycling units. Therefore, the government must encourage large production units with the capability to operate in the recycling sector by providing supportive packages. In general, within the scope of this research and its results, it is concluded that designing carpets with a long lifespan and recyclability, along with educating customers on the proper use of products and promoting the repair and reuse of second-hand products, can lead to a more flourishing and sustainable economy in this industry.
Supply chain management
Ramin Pabarja; Gholamreza Jamali; Khodakaram Salimifard; Ahmad Ghorbanpur
Abstract
The Lean, Agile, Resilience, and Green (LARG) supply chains are more competitive than conventional ones. Evaluating its performance under current conditions and developing suitable strategies is crucial to enhance LARG. This study aims to create an assessment model for LARG in Iran's hospital medical ...
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The Lean, Agile, Resilience, and Green (LARG) supply chains are more competitive than conventional ones. Evaluating its performance under current conditions and developing suitable strategies is crucial to enhance LARG. This study aims to create an assessment model for LARG in Iran's hospital medical equipment supply chain, especially in Hamadan. The Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) evaluates LARG across four dimensions: lean, agile, resilient, and green. Key indicators obtained from a comprehensive review of the literature and other published reports in the field of LARG were also confirmed by a focused group of experts in the medical equipment supply chain field. The findings indicate that the value LARG of the medical equipment supply chain is 0.787. Key indicators for the evaluation of LARG in the hospital medical equipment supply chain include reducing overall supply chain costs, optimizing inventory management, shortening supply chain development cycle time, increasing the introduction of new products, promoting information sharing among supply chain members, establishing flexible supply bases and sourcing, reducing fossil fuel consumption, and implementing waste management practices such as reuse and recycling of recyclable materials. This research provides managers with valuable insights into the current state of LARG and serves as a reference for formulating LARG strategies and practices. The study's results enable supply chain actors, particularly in Iran's Hamadan Province, to comprehend the key indicators for improving LARG performance in the hospital medical equipment supply chain. The proposed model can be adapted to other industries and service sectors by adjusting the indicators and assessing data availability.
Engineering Computations
Tamanna Kamal; S M Atikur Rahman
Abstract
In contemporary times, many industrial production lines are initially designed and equipped with machinery that, over time, struggles to meet the escalating demand despite its inherent capability. The focal point of this research is to identify solutions to address bottlenecks and enhance the efficiency ...
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In contemporary times, many industrial production lines are initially designed and equipped with machinery that, over time, struggles to meet the escalating demand despite its inherent capability. The focal point of this research is to identify solutions to address bottlenecks and enhance the efficiency of the production line to meet the increasing productivity demands. The study specifically examines an existing bottle production line within the edible oil Industries, where the product is experiencing a surge in demand. Data regarding processing times at various workstations, along with their respective capacities, were systematically collected for analysis. Simulation emerged as the chosen methodology to investigate and address the challenges inherent in the production line. Utilizing Microsoft Excel for statistical analysis, an existing simulation model was crafted using Flexsim simulation, a process-oriented simulation software, to identify bottlenecks within the production line. Subsequently, a modified model was proposed as a solution, aiming to reduce waiting times by 12 %, enhance productivity by 6%, and simultaneously increase overall profitability to effectively cope with the rising demand during all the seasons. This research embodies a comprehensive effort to not only pinpoint operational inefficiencies but also to propose viable solutions that align with the industry's evolving demands. By leveraging modern simulation tools and statistical analysis, the study endeavors to contribute to the optimization of production lines, ensuring they remain adaptive and responsive in the face of increasing productivity requirements.
Total quality management and quality engineering
Md. Limonur Rahman Lingkon; Pronab Krishna Saha; Abdulla Al Manzid; Md. Nazmul Hasan; Showra Kishore Mahalanobish
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine how Bangladeshi garment industry’s sewing defect reduction and productivity enhancement are affected by the PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Act) and 5S (Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain) techniques. One of the main reasons for production delays and ...
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The purpose of this study is to determine how Bangladeshi garment industry’s sewing defect reduction and productivity enhancement are affected by the PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Act) and 5S (Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain) techniques. One of the main reasons for production delays and increased costs are sewing defects. By reducing defects, improving Overall Equipment Efficiency (OEE) and methodically using integrated PDCA concepts, the study aims to streamline and expand the production flowline while also increasing throughput. To continuously evaluate and improve the sewing process, the 5S method is also employed. For the proper identification of the defect some tools like cause effect diagram, pareto chart was used. The OEE was used to evaluate the actual efficiency of it. Basically, the integration of 5S and PDCA as Lean Methodology was utilized to minimise the rate of defect and maximize the quality to improve the efficiency as well. For this purpose, data was collected from some renowned factory of Bangladesh. This mixed-integrated methodology is used in the study to integrate quantitative defect analysis with worker satisfaction along with efficiency surveys. The findings ought to offer valuable insights to the RMG industry in Bangladesh, as producers seek sustainable methods to increase productivity and enhance product quality while mitigating the impact of sewing errors on their overall production procedures. OEE was increased by almost 3-4% through this research.
Clustering
Mehdi Ajalli
Abstract
Classification is one of the important tasks in any work and field. Cluster analysis (CA) is one of the most important classification methods. CA is one of the widely used methods in many scientific fields. Clustering is one of the most popular data mining techniques with many applications in industry. ...
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Classification is one of the important tasks in any work and field. Cluster analysis (CA) is one of the most important classification methods. CA is one of the widely used methods in many scientific fields. Clustering is one of the most popular data mining techniques with many applications in industry. Especially, in the field of human resources management, the use of predefined rules is used to determine the performance and division of employees. The main goal of the current research is to design a suitable model for allocating rewards to employees by using the combined approach of the Group Analytical Hierarchy Process (GAHP) and CA. The research method is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. For this purpose, first, by designing and distributing a comparative questionnaire of indicators and completing them by the experts of Shahid Fakuri Industries' component manufacturing unit, and by using the group hierarchical analysis process model with Expert Choice software, the weight of the effective indicators in employee evaluation was calculated, then the values of the indicators for 29 employees with using the formula of the normalization function in the Excel software, it is standardized and the weight of the indicators is multiplied by the standard values of the data, and then the distance matrix and the optimal number of clusters are calculated through the Machaon software, and finally, using the discriminative clustering approach and using the K-means method, data clustering was done with SPSS and Makaon software and a suitable model was presented for allocating rewards to the workers of the parts making unit.
Sustainable development
mohammad reza zahedi; shayan naghdi khanachah; Mostafa zahedi
Abstract
Improving supply chain management performance is one of the key issues for companies to gain competitive advantage. In this regard, one of the solutions is a pure approach. A lean approach helps eliminate supply chain waste. On the other hand, based on the conditions of Iran and the existence of abundant ...
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Improving supply chain management performance is one of the key issues for companies to gain competitive advantage. In this regard, one of the solutions is a pure approach. A lean approach helps eliminate supply chain waste. On the other hand, based on the conditions of Iran and the existence of abundant auto parts industry, the implementation of a lean approach in the supply chain of organizations operating in this field, is extremely important in order to conduct this study in one of the largest companies Activities in the automotive parts industry have been implemented. At first, by reviewing the literature, eight key factors that cause the supply chain to be clean were identified, and 40 supply chain experts were assisted using a questionnaire. The normality of the data distribution was examined using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The main result of this study was the pattern of factors affecting the purity of the supply chain in the automotive parts industry. This model includes the leveling of factors affecting the supply chain, which provides managers with a comprehensive view and attitude about the relationships between these variables.
Case studies in industry and services
Saeed Rasouli Pareh Yousefian; Jaffar Barghi Mogaddam; Hamid Janani; Mohammad Rahim Najafzadeh; Afshin Roshan Milani
Abstract
In this paper, the prioritization and weighting of different methods of using renewable energy, as well as the feasibility of using renewable energy in the management of sports venues in the water and electricity industry of east Azerbaijan province, have been discussed. The D-number theory method has ...
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In this paper, the prioritization and weighting of different methods of using renewable energy, as well as the feasibility of using renewable energy in the management of sports venues in the water and electricity industry of east Azerbaijan province, have been discussed. The D-number theory method has been used to prioritize different methods of using renewable energy. The results of gathering information from experts in this field, show that using solar energy with a weight of 0.5345 is the best method for producing electrical energy in sports and welfare venues. Also, the use of wind energy with a weight of 0.5183 and the use of water energy with a weight of 0.5126 are in the next ranks, respectively. The indicators used in ranking factors include total costs, energy efficiency and compatibility with environmental conditions. Based on the results of the feasibility study and the available findings, it can be seen that the total cost of using renewable energy in the sports and welfare venues of East Azerbaijan Province is equal to 10093.4 million Rials. Also, the interest return rate of the investment is equal to 19.43%. Therefore, using solar energy as a source of electricity production has technical and economic justification.
